一、運動起源 Origin of Air sport

最早設計出降落傘的人是達文西,但是當時沒有人敢嘗試使用。而在中國的古書中也有記載,以軍事用途為主。直到西元1797年,在巴黎的一位法國人Andre Garerin從高空的熱氣球上跳下,是第一個正式的跳傘紀錄。 The person who designed parachute first is Leonardo da Vinci, but nobody dared to try it at that time. And the ancient book of China also recorded that parachuting had been used for the military. Until 1797, a Frenchman in Paris called Andre Garerin jumped off from a hot air balloon of high altitude. It is the first formal record of parachuting.

二、比賽規則 2. Rules

跳傘分為以下三種類型: Parachuting is divided into the following three types:

(一) 定點跳傘: 1. Accuracy Landing:

選手要從800公尺的高空跳下,降落在一個直徑3公分的小圓點,越靠近目標的選手名次越高。 The player jumps off from high altitude of 800 meters, and lands on a dot of 3 centimeters in diameter. The closer the player gets to the goal place, the higher score he gets.

(二) 自由花式跳傘: 2. Freestyle Skydiving:

一組由2人組成,一位是表演高難度動作的選手,另一位是拍下表演內容的攝影師,從3000公尺跳下並在35秒內完成一連串的指定及自由動作,以兩人內容呈現的難度、技術及其藝術性評分。 Two people in one team, one performs player, and the other is photographer. They jump off from 3000 meters with a succession of appointed and optional movements in 35 seconds. The degree of difficulty, technology and artistry decide s the team’s score.

(三) 隊形跳傘: 3. Formation Skydiving:

因人數有分不同項目(4人到8人甚至更多),4人隊形跳傘 共5人一隊,其中一位是攝影師,從3000公尺跳下,在空中表演並拍攝一連串的指定動作隊形組合,評分標準主要以隊員間的默契搭配、難度及技術等。 Several people form a team ( 4 to 8, even more ). A team of 5 people including one photographer jumps off from 3000 meters with a succession of appointed movements. The tacit among teammates and degree of difficulty decide the score mainly.

三、目前流行國家及上屆世運獲獎國家 3. Popular countries

現今的歐美、日本及台灣都有流行跳傘,不過台灣只有傘兵可合法使用,民眾僅能在跳傘場觀看,而南部較知名的跳傘場在屏東縣潮州鎮。2005年的飛行運動在會議討論後取消,而距今最近的2001年世運獲獎國家有:美國、德國及義大利。 Parachuting is popular in America, Europe, Japan and Taiwan now, but only the paratroops are legal in Taiwan. People can watch the paratroops at parachute fields only. The most famous one in southern Taiwan is in Chao Zhou town, Pingtung county. The Air Sport was cancelled in 2005 after a meeting discussion, and the ward-winning countries in 2001 are U.S.A., Germany and Italy

四、跳傘的方式 Howto

飛行傘的左右兩邊各有一條操控線,拉住左邊的操控線可向左轉,拉右邊則右轉,而同時拉兩邊即可降落。跳傘前須注意天氣及風向等變化並做好安全措施。跳傘運動以「趣味」及「自由發揮」為主要宗旨,跳傘者須搭乘飛機到高空並落下,在飛行中主傘若沒打開即須割斷主傘的線,然後使用備用傘。 There are two control strings beside the parachute, one at the right, the other the left. Drawing the left string can turn left, drawing the right can turn right, drawing both sides makes landing. Observing the weather and wind direction before parachuting is very important. The main aims of parachuting are “fun” and “free”. The players have to take a plane to the high and jump off . If the main parachute can’t open while flying, players have to cut off its thread and use the reserving parachute as soon as possible.

五、跳傘的危險及安全防護措施 5. Dangerous and safty

高空空氣稀薄,很容易呼吸困難甚至休克,因此高空跳傘員多半會帶有氧氣桶與面罩。另外,墜落的速度很快(約為時速250公里),開傘突然引起的作用力,頸部非常容易扭傷或斷裂,跳傘者則須在開傘前將頭往後仰以保護頸椎。 The air at great height is thin, which makes breathing very difficult. So the players bring oxygen barrels and face guards with them while acting. The speed of dropping is really high ( up to 250 kilometers per hour ), and the parachute opened suddenly, which could cut the player’s neck by accident. So they always lean their head back before the parachute is open to protect their neck

六、高雄市舉辦地點及相關組織 Location and Organization

 比賽地點在高雄市楠梓區德民路24號的都會公園。相關單位有:國際飛行運動總會及中華民國飛行運動協會等。 The venue is in Metropolitan Park at No.24, De Min Road, Nan Tzu Dist., Kaohsiung city. The relevant organizations are The World Air Sports Federation and the Aero sport Association, Taiwan, R.O.C.